What is meant by fibrillation in a medical context?

In a medical context, fibrillation refers to a condition characterized by rapid, uncontrolled contractions of the muscle fibers in the heart. This can result in a heartbeat that is weak and ineffective at pumping blood, leading to inadequate circulation. It typically occurs in either the atria or ventricles of the heart, producing distinct types known as atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation, respectively. Atrial fibrillation leads to an irregular and often rapid heart rate, while ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening emergency where the heart cannot effectively pump blood and may result in cardiac arrest.

The nature of fibrillation as a disorganized electrical activity distinguishes it from normal heart rhythms, which are characterized by coordinated contractions that allow for effective blood circulation. Therefore, recognizing fibrillation is crucial for medical professionals, as it indicates a significant disturbance in normal cardiovascular function that requires immediate attention. This understanding underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment in cases of fibrillation to prevent severe complications, such as stroke or sudden cardiac death.